The short answer
The Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve
This safety valve, typically located on the side or top of your tank, opens to release excess pressure. If it is leaking, it could be faulty or the tank's pressure might be too high. A steady drip from the valve's discharge pipe often means the valve needs replacement.
Never cap or block this valve, as it prevents dangerous pressure buildup. A plumber can test the valve and your system's pressure to determine the correct fix. If the leak is only occasional, it might be a normal pressure release from heating.
Internal Tank Corrosion
The most serious leak comes from the tank body itself, often due to internal rust. This corrosion weakens the steel, eventually creating pinhole leaks. Once the tank starts leaking from its body, it cannot be permanently repaired and must be replaced promptly.
This type of leak usually worsens quickly. You might see water pooling around the base of the unit or notice rust-colored water. Consider the age of your unit, as water heater tanks typically last 8 to 12 years before internal corrosion becomes a common failure point.
Connections and Fittings
Leaks frequently occur at pipe connections. Check the cold water inlet and hot water outlet pipes where they connect to the tank. Over time, the fittings can loosen or the pipe threads can corrode, allowing small drips.
Also inspect the drain valve at the bottom of the tank. This valve can leak if it wasn't fully closed after the last maintenance flush or if its rubber washer has degraded. Tightening a connection might stop a minor leak, but cracked fittings need replacement.
Immediate Steps After Discovering a Leak
Your first action should be to shut off the power and water supply to prevent more damage and a safety hazard. For an electric heater, turn off the circuit breaker. For a gas unit, turn the gas control valve to 'pilot' or 'off'.
Then, locate the cold water shutoff valve on the pipe leading into the heater and turn it clockwise to stop the water flow. Open a hot water faucet in your home to relieve pressure in the pipes. This helps contain the leak until a professional assesses it.
When to Call a Professional
Most water heater leaks require a qualified plumber's diagnosis and repair. Trying to fix internal tank corrosion or a faulty pressure valve yourself can be unsafe and may void warranties. A pro can accurately identify the source and recommend the proper solution.
If the leak has caused water to spread, you may also need water damage mitigation. Local water damage pros can extract standing water and dry the area to prevent mold and structural damage. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered.
- A leak from the tank body itself.
- Any leak from the temperature and pressure relief valve.
- A significant pool of water around the unit's base.
- Leaks you cannot trace to a simple loose fitting.
- If the unit is over 10 years old and leaking.
- Any signs of electrical components getting wet.
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Call Now (405) 565-9833Frequently asked questions
Is a leaking water heater dangerous?
Yes, it can be. Water contacting electrical components poses a shock risk. For gas units, a leak near the burner or pilot light is a concern. Also, a failing pressure relief valve can lead to a hazardous pressure buildup inside the tank.
Can I temporarily fix a leaking water heater?
You should not attempt a permanent fix. For a very minor leak at a pipe fitting, tightening it might help temporarily. However, always shut off the power and water first. This is only a short-term measure until a plumber can make a safe, proper repair.
Will my homeowners insurance cover the damage?
It might, if the leak was sudden and accidental. Gradual leaks from wear and tear are often excluded. You should document the damage and contact your insurance provider promptly. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered.